Kuomeswa kwemhepo inopisa uye kuomeswa kwekushisa-pasi (kunonziwo kuomeswa kwepedyo-ambient kana kuomeswa muchitoro) shandisa misimboti miviri yakasiyana yekuomesa. Zvose zvine zvazvakanakira nezvazvakaipira uye dzimwe nguva zvinoshandiswa mumubatanidzwa semuenzaniso, mumatanho maviri ekuomesa masisitimu.
Kuomeswa kwemhepo kunopisa kunoshandisa tembiricha yepamusoro yekuomesa nekukasira uye kuomesa kunogumiswa kana avhareji yehunyoro hwemukati (MC) hwasvika painodiwa yekupedzisira MC.
Mukuomesa kwepasi-tembiricha chinangwa ndechekudzora hunyoro hwehukama (RH) pane kupisa kwemhepo inoomesa kuitira kuti zviyo zvese zviri mumubhedha wakadzika zvisvike pakuenzana hunyoro hwemukati (EMC).
Tafura inotevera inoratidza misiyano mikuru:
Mumhepo inopisa-yakagadzika-bed dryer mhepo inopisa inopisa inopinda muhuwandu hwezviyo painopinza, inofamba nepakati pezviyo ichisveta mvura uye ichibuda muhuwandu hwezviyo pakubuda. Myoyo painopinza inooma nekukurumidza nekuti mukati imomo mhepo inoomeswa ine simba repamusoro rinotora mvura. Nekuda kwemubhedha usina kudzika uye mwero wekuyerera kwemhepo, kuomeswa kunoitika muzvikamu zvese zvezviyo zvakawanda, asi zvinokurumidza painopinza uye inononoka pakubuda (ona kuomesa macurves patafura).
Nekuda kweizvozvo, hunyoro hunowedzera, huchiripo pakupera kwekuoma. Kuomeswa kwemvura kunomiswa kana avhareji yehunyoro hwezviyo (mienzaniso inotorwa pakuomeswa kwemhepo inopinza uye yekuomesa mweya inobuda) yakaenzana nehunyoro hwekupedzisira hunodiwa. Kana tsanga dzaburutswa nekuzadzwa mumasaga tsanga imwe neimwe inoenzana zvichireva kuti tsanga dzakanyorova dzinoburitsa mvura iyo yakaomeswa tsanga inoshambadza zvekuti mushure menguva yakati rebei zviyo zvese zvinenge zvave neMC imwe chete.
Kunyorova zvakare kwezviyo zvekuomesa, zvisinei, zvinotungamira mukutsemuka zvichikonzera kuti zviyo zvityoke mukugayo. Izvi zvinotsanangura kuti sei kudzoreredzwa kwegayo uye kudzoreredzwa kwemupunga wezviyo zvakaomeswa mumabheji akaomeswa emubhedha zvisina kunaka. Imwe nzira yekudzikisa hunyoro panguva yekuomeswa ndeyekusanganisa tsanga mubhini rekuomesera mushure mekunge nguva yekuomesa yadarika 60-80%.
Mukuomesa kwepasi-tembiricha chinangwa cheiyo dryer manejimendi kuchengetedza RH yemhepo inoomesa pane equilibrium hama humidity (ERH) inoenderana neinodiwa yekupedzisira hunyoro hwezviyo, kana equilibrium moisutre content (EMC). Mhedzisiro yekushisa ishoma kana ichienzaniswa neRH (Tafura 2).
Kana semuenzaniso yekupedzisira MC ye14% ichidiwa munhu anofanirwa kunanga RH yemhepo inoomesa inosvika makumi manomwe neshanu muzana. Mukuita iyo ambient mhepo inogona kushandiswa masikati mumwaka wakaoma. Husiku uye munguva yekunaya kwemvura zvishoma pre-kupisa kwemhepo yepakati ne3-6ºK zvakakwana kudonhedza RH kusvika kumazinga akakodzera.
Mhepo inoomesa inopinda muhuwandu hwezviyo painopinza uye ichifamba nepakati pezviyo zvakawanda inoomesa zviyo zvakanyorova kusvikira mhepo yazara. Paunenge uchitora mvura mhepo inotonhorera pasi nemadhigirii mashoma. Pane imwezve nzira kuburikidza nehukuru hwezviyo mhepo haigoni kutora mvura yakawanda, sezvo yakatozara, asi inotora kupisa kunogadzirwa nekufema, zvipembenene uye kukura kwefungal uye nokudaro kudzivirira kupisa kwechikamu chezviyo chichiri kunyorova. Kunoomeswa kwemberi kwemasendimita akati wandei kunokura uye zvishoma nezvishoma kunofamba kuenda kunobuditsa kunosiya tsanga dzakaomeswa kumashure. Mushure mekuoma kwepamberi mashizha ezviyo zvakawanda nzira yekuomesa inopera. Zvichienderana nehunyoro hwekutanga, mwero wekuyerera kwemhepo, kudzika kwezviyo zvakawanda uye kuomeswa kwemhepo izvi zvinogona kutora kubva pamazuva mashanu kusvika kumavhiki akati wandei.
Iyo yakaderera tembiricha yekuomesa maitiro akapfava uye anoburitsa yakanakisa mhando uku ichichengetedza yakakwirira kumera. Sezvo mhepo yakaderera zvikuru yemhepo inoshandiswa (0.1 m / s) uye kusati kwapisa kwemhepo yekuomesa hakusi nguva dzose inodiwa, iyo chaiyo inodiwa inodiwa yakaderera pakati pemagadzirirwo ose ekuomesa. Kuomesa kwakadzika-tembiricha kunowanzo kukurudzirwa sechikamu chechipiri chekuomeswa kwepaddy ine MC isiri yakakura kupfuura 18%. Tsvagiridzo paIRRI yakaratidza kuti nekuchenjerera kuomesera manejimendi kunyangwe zviyo zvichangobva kuchekwa zvine MC ye28% zvinogona kuomeswa zvakachengetedzeka muchikamu chimwe chepasi-tembiricha dryer kana kudzika kwakawanda kuchigumira ku2m uye kumhanya kwemhepo kungangoita 0.1 m/s. Nekudaro, mumatunhu mazhinji ari kusimukira, uko kutadza kwemagetsi kuchiri kwakajairika, zvinoita njodzi yakakura yekuisa hunyoro hwakanyanya huwandu pasina magetsi ekuchengetedza mafeni.
Nguva yekutumira: May-16-2024